Human Trafficking

An estimated 25 million individuals, equivalent to the entire population of Australia, are ensnared within trafficking or smuggling networks each year, generating an alarming revenue of 150 billion dollars annually.

The fundamental drivers of human trafficking encompass poverty, inequality, conflict, migration, demands for inexpensive labour, and sexual exploitation.

KnowYourCountry includes the results of two data sources relating to Human Trafficking and Human Smuggling within our risk rating model. These are the US State Department annual Trafficking in Persons Report and the Global Initiative Organised Crime Index.

The US State Department’s annual Trafficking in Persons Report provides the world’s most comprehensive assessment of this abhorrent practice, as well as efforts by governments and stakeholders around the globe to combat it.

This report categorizes nations into four tiers, based on their compliance with the minimum standards set forth by the US Trafficking Victims Protection Act for the eradication of human trafficking.

Drawing from a range of sources, the Global Initiative Organised Crime Index covers human trafficking within a modern slavery context and includes the trafficking of human organs. In line with common interpretations of human trafficking, this criminal market does not require the movement of individuals, and includes men, women and children. When movement is involved, it may include both cross-border and internal flows (such as from rural to urban locations). For the purposes of the Index, human trafficking includes activity, means and purpose, and reflects all stages of the illicit activity, from recruitment and transfer, to harbouring and receipt of persons. Trafficking in persons involves a form of coercion, deception, abduction or fraud, and is carried out for the purpose of exploitation, regardless of the victim’s consent.

All regions of the world are affected by human trafficking. North and East Africa have very serious issues with millions of people ensnared by criminal actors, most being trafficked to Europe, although Europe also is a trafficking destination from other sources including the Balkans. The US is the major destination for trafficking originating from Central America.

In Asia, North Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, and Cambodia are the most affected countries whilst Papua New Guinea and Fiji are common origins or transits for victims to Australasia.

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